Prescribed burns are a controlled fire management tool, planned and executed by specialists under specific conditions of temperature, wind, and humidity. Unlike an uncontrolled wildfire, this is a technique used to eliminate pastures, branches, and woody materials on agricultural land, clear vegetation for road or fence construction, and reduce the buildup of combustible material.
Integrated fire management is divided into three stages: prevention to avoid uncontrolled use, regulated use as a tool for human development, and direct combat when an emergency is already underway. "More than 95% of forest fires are caused by humans, because it's very easy; all I need is a lighter and that's it, I can cause a disaster," a specialist stated.
The National Forest Institute (Infona) and the Hotshot forest fire brigade held a practical workshop for opinion leaders in the Colonia Volendam, in the district of San José del Rosario, Department of San Pedro. During the controlled burn demonstration, a mixture of diesel and naphtha was used.
A specialist recalled the team's work on a large-scale fire on Isla Susu, between the districts of Yuty and Fulgencio Yegros, in the Department of Caazapá. "It was very hard work, but we succeeded. The fire lasted between 7 and 10 days. Initially we thought it was under control, but it wasn't completely," he detailed.
The specialist warned that postponing the controlled use of fire only increases the risk. "The longer we go without using fire, the more fuel accumulates and, when a fire does occur, it will be a disaster. We have to get used to living with fire to prevent it from destroying us," he added, citing an American scientist who warned that not using fire in the right place and at the right time means having it in the wrong place and at the wrong time.
The essential gear for a forest firefighter includes clothing in bright colors, such as orange and yellow, which makes visualization easier, while fabrics with flame-retardant treatment offer fire resistance without being completely fireproof. The helmet is specifically designed for activity in forests and grasslands, and the double-stitched, reinforced leather gloves allow tools to be operated safely.
The use of gaiters is also highlighted to protect the legs against branches, thorns, and snake bites, which are common in forestry work during the summer. The bandanas protect the airways and part of the ears, an area with fat that can burn quickly. "We strongly insist on the best personal protective equipment because the best tool we have to work with is ourselves. If our own tool is not protected, it won't perform," a specialist concluded.